Piston and cylinder construction



1941- A. B. CARMICHAEL PISTON AND CYLINDER CONSTRUCTION Filed Dad. 11, 1940 s Sheets-Sheet 1 1 Ilia 7 5E A iiorney ,1941; A. B. CARMICHAEL 2,251,259

PISTON AND CYLINDER ,,C0NSTRUCTION Filed Dec. 11, 1940 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Elna L/J/J v I Inventor I J? 6 A iiorner I 1941- A. B. CARMICHAEL 2,251,259

- PISTON AND' CYLINDER CONSTRUCTION Filed Dec. 11, 1940 s sheets-sheet s A itorney Patented Aug. 5, 1941 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE PISTON AND CYLINDER CONSTRUCTION Asa Barthclcw Carmichael, Tujunga, Calif.

Application December 11, 1940, Serial No. 369,671

6 Claims.

This invention appertains to new and useful improvements in cylinder and piston construction such as may be used in compressors, pumps, internal combustion engines and the like.

The principal object of the present invention is to provide a cylinder and piston construction wherein the piston is constructed of vehicle bodies eliminating the necessity of packing rings, the usual wrist pin and other conventional adjuncts.

Another important object of the invention is to provide a piston and cylinder construction which will be wear-resisting and not susceptible to the ready development of defects.

Still another important object of the invention is to provide a piston and cylinder construction wherein the parts are positive acting and substantially fool-proof in operation.

These and various other important objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent to the reader of the following specification.

In the drawings- Figure 1 represents a side elevational View of a pump constructed in accordance with the present invention,

Figure 2 is a front elevational view of the pump shown in Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view through the cylinder and piston construction.

Figure l is a sectional view taken substantially on the line 44 of 'Figure 1.

Figure 5 is a section on line 55 of Figure 3.

Figure 6 is a fragmentary detailed sectional view taken substantially on line 6+6 of Figure 3.

Figure. '7 is a fragmentary vertical sectional View through a slightly modified form of the invention.

Figure 8 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view through another form of the invention.

Figure 9 is a fragmentary vertical sectional View through a fourth form of the invention.

Figure 10 is a fragmentary Vertical sectional view through a fifth form of the invention.

Referring to the drawings wherein like numerals designate like parts, it can be seen in Figure 1, that numeral 5 represents a crank case through which extends a crank shaft 6 and which at one end has a fly wheel 1 to which pitman rods 8 and 9 are connected by a crank pin Rising from the crank case 5 is a cylinder IE! having a removable head ll through which a rod i2 is slidable. The head H has a seat l3 at the inner side thereof circumventing the opening through which the rod I2 is disposed and a packing element I4 is carried slidably on the rod l2 and engaged into this seat I 3 when the piston assembly generally referred to by numeral l5 moves upwardly, this to completely seal off the compression chamber against loss of compression through the opening for the rod l2.

The piston assembly [5 is made up of a pair of spherical bodies It and H, the bodies l6 having a cap l8 of concavo-convex shape disposed over the same and carried by the lower end of the slide rod I2. Ball bearings H! are provided in the cap If! for riding engagement with the spherical body It. A compression spring 20 is provided on the lower portion of the slide rod l2 and interposed between the cap I8 and the valve element M.

The lower spherical body I! is in contact with the body It and is carried by a shaft 2 I.

Numeral 22 denotes a guide way for a vertical- 1y slidable plate 23 in which is located a ball bearing assembly 24 through which the aforementioned shaft 2| is disposed. A guide block 25 is secured to the outside of the plate 23 and over the bearing assembly 24 and through this block extends the shaft 2|. The block 25 slides in a snug manner in a slot 25 in the cylinder Iii.

The upper end of the slide rod l2 connects to an arm 21 which in turn connects to the upper end of the pitman rod 9, while the outer end of the shaft 2| connects to the pitman arm 8. It can be seen that the plate 23 is dove-tailed by way of the guideway 22 with respect to the wall of the cylinder ID.

A somewhat modified form of the invention is shown in Figure 7 wherein the piston is made up of a pair of spherical bodies 29 and 30. Numeral 3| denotes a slide plate in a sli-deway 32 in the wall of cylinder 33 and through this plate 3| is disposed a shaft 34 corresponding to the shaft 2|. This shaft 34 extends through a removable plate 35 snugly slidable in a slot 36 in the cylinder wall and through a bearing assembly 3'! in the plate 3| to extend into the spherical body 3!]. In this particular form of the invention, the upper end of the slide plate 3| carries a concavo-convex shaped cap 38 which is disposed over the upper spherical body 29 and has four bearings 39 therein for riding engagement with the spherical body 29. Thus both spherical bodies 29 and 3|] will move together. Still another form of the invention is shown in Figure 8, the only difference between this form and that illustrated in Figure 3 being that the cylinder Illa has a side wall portion lb of thick construction and this is slit upwardly and downwardly as at and El to provide guideways beyond a slot 42 in the side wall portion [02), to receive the upper and lower portions of a slide plate 43 through which a shaft Zia corresponding to the shaft 2! is disposed. Otherwise the piston construction is the same as represented in Figure 3.

Figure 9 shows a further form of the invention which consists of a cylinder 44 having a head 45 and a piston construction 46 operative therein and consisting of an upward spherical body 41, a lower spherical body 48 and a spacer 49, this spacer being of spool-shape, its end portions having concaved pockets 50 for receiving portions of the spherical bodies G1 and 48. Ball bearings 5| are located in these concaved end portions for riding engagement with the spherical bodies 4'! and 48.

Numeral 52 denotes a laterally disposed reservoir for containing oil 53 and this has a packing gland 54 in the lower portion thereof through which extends the depending leg 55 of an inverted L-shaped arm, the upper portion of which is anchored in the intermediate portion of the spool 49. The lower portion of the arm 55 is pivotally connected as at 56 to a pitman rod 51.

Figure 10 represents the last form of the invention which consists of the cylinder 44a and a piston assembly 46a of substantially the same construction as the piston assembly 46. In this last form of the invention a slide rod l 2a is disposed through the head of the cylinder 44a as substantially shown in the first form of the invention (see Fig. 3) and the opening in the head through which the rod l2a extends is circumvented at its lower end by a seat 13a into which a valve Ma is engageable and a compression spring 28a on the lower portion of the rod |2a will allow for seating of this valve element Ma when the piston assembly 46a rises in the cylinder Ma. The lower portion of the rod l2a carries a cap 18a in which ball bearings l9a are located for riding engagement in the upper spherical body of the piston construction 46a.

An arm 21a extends laterally from the upper end of the slide rod i211 and connects to a pitman rod 9a.

A shaft 2ia extends laterally from the lower spherical body of the piston assembly 46a and into a lubricant reservoir 52a extending laterally from the cylinder 44a and this shaft Zia has a roller 58 for riding contact with the out ermost wall of the reservoir 52a. A pitman rod 59 extends upwardly through a packing gland 60 in the bottom of the reservoir 52a and connects as at El to the shaft Zia. A slide plate 62 slides in a guideway 53 following the movement of the shaft 2 la.

In the forms of the invention shown in Figures 3, 7 and 8 a reservoir 64 is provided on one side of the cylinder to maintain a full supply of lubricant 65 between the spherical bodies of the corresponding testing construction.

While the foregoing specification sets forth the invention in specific terms, it is to be understood that numerous changes in the shape, size and. materials may be resorted to without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as claimed hereinafter.

What is claimed is:

1. In combination, a cylinder, a piston assembly in the cylinder, said piston assembly consisting of a pair of vehicle coacting elements, and a volume of lubricant interposed between the vehicle bodies.

2. In combination, a cylinder, a piston assembly in the cylinder, said piston assembly consisting of a pair of spherical vehicle coacting elements, and means for maintaining the vehicle bodies in definitely located position with respect to each other.

3. In combination, a cylinder, a piston assembly in the cylinder, said piston assembly consisting of a pair of vehicle coacting elements, and means for maintaining the vehicle bodies in definitely located position with respect to each other, said means consisting of a pitman in positive engagement with one of the vehicle bodies, a second pitman, a slide rod slidable into the cylinder and having an arm connected to the last mentioned pitman and a cap disposed over the remaining spherical body.

4. In combination, a cylinder, a piston assembly in the cylinder, said piston assembly consisting of a pair of vehicle coacting elements, and means for maintaining the vehicle bodies in definitely located position with respect to each other, said means consisting of a pitman in positive engagement with one of the vehicle bodies, a second pitman, a slide rod slidable into the cylinder and having an arm connected to the last mentioned pitman and a cap disposed over the remaining spherical body, said cylinder having a head through which the slide rod is disposed, and a yieldable valve on the slide rod adapted to seal said opening when the piston assembly rises in the cylinder.

5. In combination, a cylinder, a piston assembly in the cylinder, said piston assembly consisting of a pair of spherical vehicle coacting bodies, one of said spherical bodies having a shaft extending therefrom, and a slide plate in the side of the cylinder through which the shaft is disposed.

6. In combination, a cylinder, a piston assembly in the cylinder, said piston assembly consistin of a pair of spherical vehicle coacting bodies, and a spool-like structure for spacing the vehicle bodies definitely apart.

ASA BARTHOLOVJ CARMICHAEL. 

